Isingeniso seCopper (II) Chloride
ICopper (II) Chloride, eyaziwa nangokuthi Cupric Chloride, iyindawo yokuhlangana nefomula Cucl₂. Ikhona ngezindlela ezimbili: ifomu eliphuzi - i-brown anhydrous nefomu eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka - i-green dihydrate form (CUCL · 2h₂o). Zombili lezi zinhlobo zenzeka ngokwemvelo, yize kungajwayelekile, njengoba amaminerali eTolbachite ne-ErioChalcite, ngokulandelana. Ezimweni zezimboni, i-Copper (II) isetshenziswa kabanzi njenge-CO - Catalyst ekuphendukeni okuhlukahlukene kwamakhemikhali, ikakhulukazi kwinqubo ye-Wacker yokukhiqiza i-Acetaldehyde kusuka ku-EthLene.
● Izinto ezivuthiwe zeCopper II Chloride Production
Ukukhiqiza i-Copper (ii) Chloride, izinto eziningi ezivuthiwe ziyadingeka. Imithombo eyinhloko yethusi ifaka ithusi lensimbi, ama-oxides ethusi, nosawoti wethusi njenge-Copper (II) Carbonate. I-Chlorine gesi (CL₂) ne-Hydrochloric acid (HCL) nazo zisetshenziswa kakhulu kwinqubo yokukhiqiza.
● Imithombo yethusi
I-Copper ingatholwa kusuka kumakhompiyutha ahlukahlukene afana ne-perper yensimbi, i-hydper hydroxide (CU (oh (oh Lezi zinhlanganisela zisabela kalula nge-hydrochloric acid ukukhiqiza okufisayoCupric chloride dihydrate(Cucl₂ · 2h₂o).
● I-Chlorine namanye amakhemikhali
I-Chlorine gesi ingumsebenzi obalulekile lapho kulungiswa i-Copper (II) Chloride. Isetshenziselwa i-chlorination eqondile yethusi. I-Hydrochloric acid ingenye yamakhemikhali abalulekile asetshenziswa kwezinye izindlela zokuhlanganiswa, ikakhulukazi lapho ebhekene neCopper oxides noma amakhabhoni.
● Inqubo ye-Chlorination
Indlela eyisisekelo yezimboni yokukhiqiza i-Copper (II) i-chloride ifaka chlorination of zethusi. Le nqubo yenzeka emazingeni okushisa aphakeme lapho ithusi liphendula ngqo nge-chlorine gesi, okuholela ekwakhekeni kweCopper (II). Ukuphendula kungukuphakamisa kakhulu, kukhulula inani elibalulekile lokushisa.
● Phakama - Ukuphendula okushisa ngethusi
Ukuqalisa le nqubo, ithusi lifudunyezwa libomvu - izinga lokushisa elishisayo lisukela ku-300 - 400 ° C. Kuleli lokushisa, i-Copper iphendula nge-chlorine gesi ukwenza i-molten yethusi (ii) chloride. Ukusabela kuqhubeka ngokulandelayo:
\ [\ Umbhalo {cu (s) + cl} _2 \ Umbhalo {(g) {(g) {(g) → Cucl} _2 \ umbhalo {(l)} \]
● Isimo esiphakanyisiwe senqubo
Lokhu kusabela kungukuphakamisa, okusho ukuthi kukhipha ukushisa. Imvelo ephakeme ayigcini nje ngokushayela ukusabela phambili kodwa futhi iyasiza ekugcineni izinga lokushisa elidingekayo ukuze kuphendule kahle.
● Ukuguqulwa okuhlukile kweCopper II Chloride
Ngaphandle kwe-chlorination eqondile, kunezindlela eziningi eziningi zokuvumelanisa i-Copper (II) Chloride. Lezi zindlela zivame ukubandakanya ukusetshenziswa kwe-copper hydroxides, oxides, noma ama-carbonates, ukuphendula nge-hydrochloric acid.
● Ukusebenzisa izisekelo zethusi
Izisekelo zethusi ezifana neCopper (II) Hydroxide neCopper (II) Carbonate zingasabela nge-hydrochloric acid ukwakha i-Copper (II)
\ [\ umbhalo {cu (oh (oh)} _ 2 + 2 \ Umbhalo {HCL} → \ Umbhalo {\
\ [\ Umbhalo {cuco} _3 + 2 \ Umbhalo {HCL} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ {o \} _2} _2
● Izindlela ze-Electrochemical
I-electrolysis ye-sodium ye-sodium ye-akeoud esebenzisa ama-electrodes ethusi ingakhiqiza ne-chloride (II). Ngale ndlela, kwadlula ikhambi le-Electric lidluliselwe kwisisombululo, okwenza ithusi libe yi-oxidize futhi kwakha ama-ions wethusi lapho bese ephendula ngama-chloride ions ukwakha i-Cucl₂. Le ndlela, noma kunjalo, ayisetshenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yokuphuma kwegesi ye-chlorine kanye nokutholakala okusebenzayo kwezinqubo ezisebenza kahle ze-chlorkallikal.
● Amasu okuhlanza
Uma selihlelwe, iCopper (II) Isixazululo se-Chloride kumele sihlanziwe. I-Crystallization ingenye yezindlela ezivame kakhulu ezisetshenziselwa le njongo.
● Izindlela ze-crystallization
Ukuhlanza i-Copper (II) Chloride, ikhambi livame ukuxutshwa ne-hot dilute hydrochloric acid bese lipholile kubhavu we-calcium chloride (i-CACL₂) iqhwa. Lokhu kuphumela ekwakhekeni kokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka - amakristalu aluhlaza we-chloride chloride dihydrate.
● Indima ye-hydrochloric acid kanye namabhati apholile
I-hydrochloric acid iqinisa i-Copper (ii) chloride ngesixazululo, ukuvikela i-hydrolysis yangaphambi kwesikhathi. Ingculazi yokugeza epholile ekushayweni okusheshayo kweCopper (II) Chloride, uqinisekise ubumsulwa obuphezulu.
● Ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okubandakanya i-Copper II Chloride
ICopper (II) Chloride ikhemikhali eliguquguqukayo elibambe iqhaza ekuphendukeni okuhlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ukusabela kabusha kwe-redox, i-hydrolysis kanye nokwakhiwa kwezindawo zokuxhumana.
● I-redox ukusabela kanye nezakhiwo zokuxhumana
ICopper (II) isebenza njenge-oxidant emnene futhi ithambekele ekuxhumaneni namanye ama-ion nama-molecule. Isibonelo, ingakha ama-ions ayinkimbinkimbi afana ne- \ ([CUCL3] ^ {{-} \) kanye \ ([Cucl4] ^ {2 - ^
● I-hydrolysis kanye nokubola
ICopper (II) Chlorde ingahle i-hydrolysis lapho iphathwa ngesisekelo, inembe njenge-Copper (II):
\ [\ Umbhalo {Cucl} _2 + 2 \ Umbhalo {Naoh} → \ Umbhalo {Cu (oh (oh (oh (2 + 2 \ Umbhalo \ \ \ \ \ Umbhalo \]
Iphinde ibole cishe ngo-400 ° C ukwakha i-Copper (i) i-chloride negesi ye-chlorine, ukubola ngokuphelele eduze kwe-1,000 ° C.
● Izicelo zezimboni
I-Copper (II) Izicelo ze-Chloride zibanzi futhi zihlukahlukene, ngokusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kuCatalysis wezimboni.
● I-Catalyst kwinqubo ye-Wacker
Enye yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezinkulu zezimboni zeCopper (II) Chloride isezinhlotsheni ze-Wacker njenge-CO - Catalyst ngePalladium (II). Le nqubo iguqula i-ethene to acetaldehyde:
\ [\ umbhalo {c} _2 \ umbhalo {h} _4 + \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ {ch \ \ \ {ch \ \ \ {\ \ \ \ {pc} \ \ \ \ \ {PD} \ {PD} \ {hcl} \]
ICopper (II) Chloride isiza ukuvuselela i-Palladium (II) Chloride, ngaleyo ndlela silondoloze umjikelezo we-catalytic.
● Ukuhlanganiswa kwezihlanganisi ze-organic
I-Copper (ii) i-chloride isetshenziselwa ukugoqa ama-hydrocarbons amnandi kanye nesikhundla se-alpha sezinhlanganisela ze-carbonyl. Futhi i-oxidizes ama-phenols ama-qunols ama-qunoles noma imikhiqizo ehlanganisiwe, ehlukahlukene ehlukahlukene ezinhlakeni eziphilayo.
● I-niche kanye nokusetshenziswa okukhethekile
Ngaphezu kokusetshenziswa okubanzi kwezimboni, i-Copper (II) i-chloride ithola izinhlelo zokusebenza kumasimu akhethekile.
● Pyrotechnics kanye ama-ejenti wokufaka imibala
I-Copper (II) i-chloride isetshenziswa kuma-protechnics ukukhiqiza imibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka neluhlaza okotshani. Le mpahla ikwenza kufunwa - ngemuva kokuhlanganiswa embonini yeziqhumane.
● Izinkomba zomswakama kanye nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza
I-Cobalt - Amakhadi we-Umswakama Womswakama wamahhala asebenzisa iCopper (II) Chloride ayatholakala emakethe. Lezi zinkomba zishintsha umbala ngokususelwa kumazinga omswakama. I-Compound isetshenziswa futhi njenge-mordant embonini yezindwangu, okulondolozwa kwezinkuni, kanye nesihlanza samanzi.
● Ukucatshangelwa Kwezempilo Nokuphepha
ICopper (II) Chloride iyinto enobuthi futhi kufanele iphathwe ngokunakekelwa. Umkhawulo ovumelekile wama-ion anamanzi amaningi okuphuza amanzi asethwe yi-US EPA yi-1.3 ppm. Ukuvezwa kokugxila okuphezulu kungaholela ezindabeni ezinzima zezempilo, kufaka phakathi izinkinga ze-CNS ne-hemolysis.
● Ubuthi kanye nemikhawulo yokuvezwa okuvumelekile
Ukuchayeka ku-Copper (II) Chloride kungaholela ekhanda, isifo sohudo, ukwehla komfutho wegazi nomkhuhlane. Ukuvezwa kwesikhathi eside - ukuvezwa kwesikhathi kungaholela ezindabeni zezempilo ezingamahlalakhona, kugcizelela isidingo sokunamathela ngokuqinile kwizinkombandlela zokuphepha.
● Umthelela Wezemvelo Nemigomo
ICopper (II) Chloride futhi ukukhathazeka kwemvelo, ikakhulukazi amagciwane amanzi kanye nenhlabathi. Kuvimbela umsebenzi wamagciwane anqamulelayo, ngaleyo ndlela athinta ukuzala kwenhlabathi kanye nebhalansi yemvelo.
● Isiphetho Nezikhombisi Ezizayo
Ukufingqa, i-Copper (II) kungatholakala ngezindlela eziningana, kufaka phakathi i-chlorination eqondile yethusi, ukusabela ngezisekelo zethusi, kanye nezindlela ze-electrochemical. I-Compound inokusetshenziswa okubanzi kwezimboni, ikakhulukazi njengezicelo ze-catalyst, kanye nezicelo ze-niche kuma-pyrotechnics kanye nomswakama. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukukusingatha ngokunakekela ngenxa yokuba nobuthi bayo. Intuthuko yesikhathi esizayo ingagxila ezindleleni zokukhiqiza ezizinzile nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezibanzi kuzilungiselelo zezimboni nezocwaningo.
MaqondanaIzinto ezintsha zaseHongyuan
I-Hangzhou Hongyuan Izinto ezintsha Co, Ltd. (Hanghou Fuyang Hongyuan Revenue Resource Reso, Ltd.) yasungulwa ngoDisemba 2012 futhi yathola indawo entsha ye-Hangzhou Haiteng Ngokukhethekile ocwaningweni, ekuthuthukiseni, ekukhiqizeni, nasekuthengisweni kwempuphu yensimbi kanye nemikhiqizo kasawoti yethusi. Ngokutshala imali engu-yuan engu-350 yezigidi ezingama-yuan kanye nesitshalo samamitha-skwele angama-50 000, inkampani isebenza imigqa eminingi yokukhiqiza futhi inekhono elibanzi lama-35,000.
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