Intshayelelo kwiI-Copper Oxide ene-hydrogen

Impendulo yekhemikhali phakathi kobhedu (ii) oxide (i-cuo) kunye negesi ye-hydrogen (H2) ngumzekelo wokuPhakanyiswa kweRenox, edla ngokuqhutywa kweenjongo zemfundo kunye nezicelo zemveliso. Eli nqaku lidla ubomi bale ntetho, ukuvavanya nokuba i-exothermic okanye i-endothermic, kugxilwe ikakhulu kwimigaqo-siseko yesayensi, idatha enamandla, kunye neziphumo ezibanzi zazo.

I-Equation Chemical NEENCWADANA

Indlela yokuphendula inokumelwa yi-equations:

• I-CUO (s) + h2 (g) → i-cu (s) + h2o (g)

Kweli nkqubela phambili ye-Oxidation (i-oxidation (i-oxidation), ubhedu (ii) i-oxide incitshisiwe ihliselwe ubhedu, kwaye i-hydrogen iyayiswa emanzini. Le mpendulo isebenza njengelitye elisisiseko lokwenza ikhemisi, ibonisa iikhonsepthi ezisisiseko zodluliselo lwe-elektroni kunye notshintsho lwamandla.

Ukuqonda i-Extothermic kunye ne-Endothermic Reations

Ukuphendula kweekhemikhali kufakwa ngokubanzi kwi-Exlothesmic kunye neendonga ze-endothermic, ngokusekwe kwinguqu yawo yamandla. Ukuqonda ezi zigama kubalulekile ekuhlalutyeni i-Oxide ye-Oxide neHydrogen.

Utshintsho lwamandla kunye nokuhamba kobushushu

Ukukhutshwa kwe-Edothermic Ukukhupha amandla, ngesiqhelo ngohlobo lobushushu, kwindawo esingqongileyo. Ngokwahlukileyo, ukuphinda kwenziwe i-esothermic ufumana amandla kwindalo esingqongileyo. La mandla ahlala alinganiswe kwiikhilojoes nge-MOLE (kj / mol), enikezela ukuqonda ngokuziinzakaliso kwe-thermodynamic kunye nokuziguqula.

Ifomamu yekhemikhali kunye nendlela yokuphendula

Indlela yokuphendula ye-oxide oxial oxide kunye ne-hydrogen ibandakanya ukudluliselwa kwee-elektroni kunye nokwaphula kunye nokwakhiwa kweebhondi zekhemikhali. Kubalulekile ukuhlolisisa iprofayili yamandla yendlela yokuphendula ukumisela i-exlothermic okanye i-endothesmic.

Ukuqwalaselwa kwamandla eBondo

Ekuhlalutyeni amandla, qwalasela amandla obuninzi amakhuba kunye nokusekwa kweebhondi ezintsha. I-O - H Hunds eyenziwa ngokukhupha amandla abalulekileyo, eyinto ephambili ekuqinisekiseni ukutshintsha kwamandla okusabela.

I-Thermodynamics: Iinguqu zamandla kwiindawo zokuhlala

I-Thermodynamics ibonelela ngenkqubo yobungakanani bokuqonda utshintsho lwamandla olunxulumene nokuphendula kwamachiza.

I-GIBBS inamandla asimahla kunye nokuzenzekelayo

I-GEBS Guqula i-Gibbs yasimahla (i-ΔG) yokuphendula inokubalwa kusetyenziswa utshintsho loTshintsho (δh) kunye notshintsho lwe-Entropy (ΔS) kwiqondo lokushisa:

• ΔG = δH - Tδs

I-δG engalunganga ibonisa inkqubo yokohlwaywa, kunye ne-Oxide ye-Oxide ye-Oxide kunye ne-hydrogen, i-hydrogen, i-hydrogen iphosakele kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, eqinisekisa ngendalo yayo kunye nendalo.

Uvavanyo lovavanyo kunye nobungqina

Idatha yovavanyo ibonelela ngokuqonda okuxabisekileyo kwiprofayili yamandla ye-Oxide ye-Oxide ye-Oxide kunye ne-Hydrogen.

Izifundo zeCalolometric

I-Calometric evavanyiweyo ilinganisa ubushushu obukhutshwe ngexesha lokuphendula, ngokwesiqhelo kwinkqubo evaliweyo ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka. Iqondo lobushushu elibonisiweyo liphakame liqinisa indalo egxothiweyo, kunye nexabiso eliqhelekileyo lexabiso eliqhelekileyo elijikeleze - I-80 KJ / Mol, ebonisa ukukhutshwa kwamandla okubaluleka.

Izicelo zemveliso kunye neziphumo

Le mpendulo ayibalulekanga kuphela kwi-cheretic chemistry kodwa ikwanokusetyenziswa okusebenzayo kwezemveliso.

Iinkqubo zeMesterMulical

Ukuncitshiswa kwe-oxide oside usebenzisa i-hydrogen yinkqubo ebalulekileyo e-Metaligy, isetyenziswa ngabavelisi kunye nabathengisi ukuba bavelise inyibilike yentsimbi yobhedu. Isimo sendalo sale misebenzi yokusabela kuLondolozo lwamandla ngexesha elikhulu - Ukusebenza kwesikali.

Ukuthelekisa amandla aqalayo: Idatha ye-proirical

Idatha ye-empirical ivumela ukuthelekiswa ngokuthe ngqo kotshintsho lwamandla kwiimpendulo ezahlukeneyo, ukubonelela ngomfanekiso ocacileyo we-Exlothermic imeko ye-Oxide ye-Oxide kunye ne-hydrogen.

Uhlalutyo lwedatha

Iitafile ze-Thermodynamic ziLuhlu lweenguqu ezisemgangathweni ze-Anthalpy zezinto ezahlukeneyo zokuphendula. Ukuze i-oxide oxide kunye ne-hydrogen, utshintsho olusezantsi lwe-ATHHALPy luthe xa kuthelekiswa nezinye izinto ezininzi, zigxininisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kunye nezicelo ezinokubakho zezolimo.

Ukuqwalaselwa ngokukhuselekileyo kwi-Exopermic Reances

Ngelixa i-Ekoursic Reaction, ezinjenge-Oxide oxide ne-hydrogen, zinike izibonelelo kwiindawo ezonga amandla, zikwafuna ukuphatha ngononophelo.

Ulawulo lwengozi

Ukukhutshwa okukhawulezayo kwamandla kunokubeka iingozi zokhuseleko kwizicwangciso zeshishini. Amanyathelo afanelekileyo, anje ngeendawo ezilawulwayo kunye neeprotokholi zokhuseleko, zibalulekile ekuthobeleni umngcipheko onxulumene ne-Premics enkulu - Isikali se-Exormimic.

Iimbono zemfundo: Iindidi zokuphendula zokuphendula

Ootitshala badlala indima ebalulekileyo ekudluliseleni ulwazi malunga neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuphendula kwekhemikhali kunye neempawu zazo.

Umdibaniso wekharityhulamu

Impendulo ye-Oxide ye-Copper kunye ne-Hydrogen idla ngokubandakanywa nekharityhula ye-STE, ibonise ukusetyenziswa kwenkqubo yokuphendula kwe-exoyer. Izixhobo zokufunda kunye neemvavanyo zinceda ekunciphiseni kwezi nkolelo zabafundi kunye nokukhuthaza ukuqonda okunzulu kwe-thermodynamics.

Isiphelo: Isishwankathelo kunye nembono yexesha elizayo

Ukuphendula phakathi kwe-Oxide ye-Oxide kunye ne-hydrogen yamnika inkqubo yokukhupha, iphawulwa kukukhululwa kwamandla kunye nezicelo ezisebenzayo kumzi-mveliso nakwimfundo. Ukuqonda i-thermodynamics kunye nee-kinetics zendlela enjalo kubalulekile ukuba uqhubekele itekhnoloji yovelwano kunye nokwandisa imigaqo-nkqubo yemfundo. Njengamashishini kunye nabathengisi baqhubeka nokwenza i-I- lungiselela ezi nkqubo, ixa elizayo lithembisa ukusebenza ngokukuko nokuzinza kwimveliso yekhemikhali.

HongyuanIzinto ezintsha zibonelela ngezisombululo

EHongyuan Izixhobo ezitsha, sinika izisombululo ezibanzi zamashishini afuna ukuqalisa ukwenza izinto zokuphendula, kubandakanya nenkqubo ye-oxide ye-oxide kunye ne-hydrogen. Ubungcali bethu kwiSayensi yeZixhobo zenza sikwazi ukunceda abavelisi kunye nabathengisi ngeendlela ezenziwe ngokwezicwangciso zezambane - Imveliso efanelekileyo. Ngokufaka iimodeli ze-thermodynamic eziphambili ze-Thermodynamic kunye nokuqinisekisa ukubambelela kwiiprothokholi zokhuseleko, siye senza indlela yendlela yenkqubo yeshishini elinemizi-mveliso. Iqabane lethu ukuze sisike - Izisombululo zomda ezikhuthaza ukusebenza ngokufezekileyo kunye noxanduva lokusingqongileyo.